• • • A visual novel ( ビジュアルノベル, bijuaru noberu) is an game genre, which originated in, featuring text-based story with narrative style of and interactivity aided by static or sprite-based visuals, most often using -style art or occasionally live-action stills (and sometimes ). As the name might suggest, they resemble mixed-media novels. In Japanese terminology, a distinction is often made between visual novels (abbreviated NVL, derived from 'novel'), which consist predominantly of narration and have very few interactive elements, and (abbreviated AVG, or ADV derived from 'adventure'), a form of which may incorporate problem-solving and other types of gameplay. This distinction is normally lost outside Japan, where both NVLs and ADVs are commonly referred to as 'visual novels' by international fans. Visual novels and ADVs are especially prevalent in Japan, where they made up nearly 70% of the titles released in 2006.

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Visual novels are often produced for, and the more popular games have occasionally been to such systems. The more famous visual novels are also often adapted into the, or formats. The market for visual novels outside of East Asia is small, though a number of are popular among anime fans in the Western world. Visual novels often feature highly detailed backgrounds and characters rendered in a style reminiscent of. Visual novels are distinguished from other game types by their generally minimal gameplay. Typically the majority of player interaction is limited to clicking to keep the text, graphics and sound moving (many recent games offer 'play' or 'fast-forward' toggles that make this unnecessary), while making narrative choices along the way. Another main characteristic of visual novels are its strong emphasis on the prose, as the narration in visual novels are delivered through text.

This characteristic makes playing visual novels similar to reading a book. Most visual novels have multiple storylines and more than one ending; the mechanic in these cases typically consists of intermittent multiple-choice decision points, where the player selects a direction in which to take the game. This style of gameplay is similar to story-driven, or the shorter and less detailed real-life books. Many fans of visual novels hold them up as exceptions to the relatively weak storytelling in video games overall. Some visual novels do not limit themselves into merely interactive fictions, but also incorporate other elements into them. An example of this approach is, where the player is required to play a musical instrument of some sort, and attain a good score in order to advance.

Usually such an element is related as a in the game. Some shorter works do not contain any decision points at all. Most examples of this sort are. Fan-created novel games are reasonably popular; there are a number of free game engines and construction kits aimed at making them easy to construct, most notably,. Many visual novels use to provide voices for the characters in the game. Often, the protagonist is left unvoiced, even when the rest of the characters are fully voiced. This choice is meant to aid the player in identifying with the protagonist and to avoid having to record large amounts of dialogue, as the main character typically has the most speaking lines due to the branching nature of visual novels.

Branching narratives [ ] branching storylines are a common trend in visual novels, which frequently use multiple branching storylines to achieve, allowing non-linear freedom of choice along the way. Decision points within a visual novel often present players with the option of altering the course of events during the game, leading to many different possible outcomes. An acclaimed example is, where nearly every action and dialogue choice can lead to entirely new branching paths and endings. Each path only reveals certain aspects of the overall storyline and it is only after uncovering all the possible different paths and outcomes, through multiple playthroughs, that every component comes together to form a coherent, well-written story. The branching path stories found in visual novels represent an evolution of the concept. The digital medium allows for significant improvements, such as being able to fully explore multiple aspects and perspectives of a story. Another improvement is having hidden decision points that are automatically determined based on the player's past decisions.